![]() The G-CNF foams perform high saturation sorption capacity (86–153 g g−1) toward a range of oils and organic solvents and demonstrated sustained sorption capabilities even after 11 cycles. The design features of the G-CNF foams comprise of interconnected carbon nanofiber layers leading to high specific surface area that contributed towards oil and solvents sorption properties. These 3D foams were light weight, resilient and exhibited fire-resistance properties. These foams display highly interconnected network mimicking the features of chicken feather and demonstrated the synergistic properties of graphene and carbon nanofibers. The 3D nanofiber foams were then coated with Graphene Oxide (GO) and carbonised into G-CNF foam. 2D electrospun polyacrylonitrile/itaconic acid (PANIA) membrane was converted into a nature inspired three-dimensional (3D) aerogel networks self-assembled by a gas foaming method. Our results showed that microplastics are consistently transported long distances through the canal, biofilms play an important role in the fate of microplastics in the canal, and that biofilm harvest could be potentially used to mitigate microplastic pollution.Ī facile and scalable approach to prepare multilayered graphene coated carbon nanofiber (G-CNF) foam has been demonstrated for oil/chemical solvent spill clean-up applications. Vehicular harvester was used to demonstrate the practicality of biofilm harvest to mitigate contamination with microplastics. Interestingly, microplastics were concentrated in biofilms, indicating that biofilms could serve as a sink for microplastics in the canal. The main microplastics in the canal were small (0.05–1 mm) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers. Both sites and seasons significantly affected microplastic abundance in water, biofilms, and sediments microplastic abundance in water was also significantly positively correlated with distance to the headwork. On average, microplastics were distributed at abundances of 496 items m⁻³ in water, 20 items kg⁻¹ in biofilms (wet weight), and 24 items kg⁻¹ in sediments (wet weight), lower than that in other typical inland waters. In this study, the spatiotemporal distribution, characteristics, and polymer types of microplastics were surveyed for the first time in the Middle Route of the SNWDP. The Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) in China, a highly regulated canal, supplies water to 19 cities and more than 53.10 million residents since 2014, as part of the world’s largest inter-basin drinking water diversion project. Investigations of microplastics have increased exponentially over the past decade, yet no information is currently available on the status of microplastics in strictly regulated, artificial bodies of water.
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